Final Year Project — 28 GHz 5G Communication

AEP-DNN
Beam Steering

Deep Neural Network for real-time phased array beam steering.
Enabling reliable ship-to-satellite communication at millimeter-wave.

1.38° Phase MAE
<1ms Prediction
90% Link Availability
28 GHz Ka-Band
Try Live Demo ↓

How It Works

01

Data Generation

Simulate 4-element ULA with mutual coupling at 28 GHz using MATLAB Phased Array Toolbox. Generate 121 training samples across ±60°.

AEP_DNN_DataGeneration.m
02

DNN Training

Train custom neural network (1→64→128→64→8) with sin/cos phase encoding. Backpropagation from scratch, no Deep Learning Toolbox needed.

AEP_DNN_Training.m
03

Validation

Three-way comparison: Mathematical model vs DNN vs Optimal. DNN achieves 1.38° MAE with mutual coupling compensation.

AEP_DNN_Validation.m
04

Real-Time Prediction

Predict phase shifts, voltages, and power in <1ms. Hardware-ready outputs for 6-bit phase shifter with 0–5V control.

predictWithPolarPattern.m

DNN Architecture

Input
1 neuron
Target Angle
Hidden 1
64 neurons
tanh
Hidden 2
128 neurons
tanh
Hidden 3
64 neurons
tanh
Output
8 neurons
4 sin + 4 cos
Parameters ~17,000
Training Time 18.3s
Best Epoch 2,432
Encoding Sin/Cos

Phase Prediction Demo

Adjust the steering angle to see predicted phase shifts, voltages, and radiation pattern for the 4-element array.

-60°-30°+30°+60°
ElementPhaseStepVoltage

Ship-to-Satellite Results

📡

SNR Improvement

+15–20 dB

Over fixed antenna (no beam steering)

🔗

Link Availability

~90%

vs 50% without steering during LEO pass

📶

Channel Capacity

2.5×

Improvement over no-steering baseline

🎯

Beam Accuracy

<1°

Pointing error despite ship roll ±8°

Three-Scenario Comparison

MetricNo SteeringMathematicalAEP-DNN
Link Availability~50%~75%~90%
Avg Channel Capacity~100 Mbps~200 Mbps~250 Mbps
Pointing ErrorLarge~5°<1°
Coupling CompensatedNoNoYes

System Specifications

Antenna Array

  • Type4-Element ULA
  • Frequency28 GHz (Ka-band)
  • Wavelength10.71 mm
  • Element Spacing5.36 mm (0.5λ)
  • Steering Range±60°

Phase Shifter

  • Resolution6-bit (64 steps)
  • Step Size5.625°
  • Voltage0–5 V
  • Tx Power20 dBm/element
  • Total Power24.3 dBm

Satellite Link

  • OrbitLEO (550 km)
  • Pass Duration10 minutes
  • Bandwidth500 MHz
  • Ship MotionRoll ±8°, Yaw ±3°
  • SNR Threshold10 dB

MATLAB Toolbox

  • CosineAntennaElementElement model
  • phased.ULAArray model
  • SteeringVectorBeam steering
  • pattern()Radiation calc
  • physconst()Constants